Institute for Crisis, Disaster, and Risk Management

Crisis and Emergency Management

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November 2004                                                                            Volume 7 - Number 2

    

 

Perspectives...

     

 

Personal Perspective

By Lisa Beverly

  

I have been fortunate throughout my life in that I have not been affected in a major way by a disaster.  While September 11, 2001 dealt an emotional blow in terms of perceived safety, more frequently occurring natural disasters had a greater impact on my undergraduate college years.  At the University of North Carolina at Wilmington (UNCW), a.k.a. “Hurricane Capitol of the World,” I experienced three major hurricanes during my 4 years as a student.  Much of what I dealt with during these events had to do with evacuation issues as opposed to casualties or damage; however, they were stressful, nonetheless.  In the interest of time, I will only describe my experience with two of the three hurricanes: Hurricane Fran in 1996 and Hurricane Floyd in 1999.

 

Wilmington, North Carolina sits at the mouth of the Cape Fear River, about 60 miles north of Myrtle Beach, SC.  This location makes it ideal for hurricane landings as the Cape Fear River has the tendency to act like a vacuum.  In July of 1996, prior to my arrival, Hurricane Bertha made landfall as a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir/Simpson Scale causing an estimated eight deaths and $250 million in U.S. damages.

 

As Wilmington worked to restore the damages of Hurricane Bertha, I arrived on the campus of UNCW, an excited young freshman, 600 miles away from her New Jersey home.  Not more than two weeks after arrival I encountered my first hurricane.  Hurricane Fran was headed on a track toward Wilmington as a category three hurricane.  University Administrators decided to evacuate the UNCW campus as a precaution and thousands of students were told to move items away from the windows in our dorm rooms and head inland. As brand new freshmen, neither my roommate from New York nor I had a car so our options were limited.  Thankfully, newly made friends living across the street from the University offered us shelter.  Hurricane Fran made landfall on September 6, 1996 resulting in significant storm surge flooding on the North Carolina coast, widespread wind damage over North Carolina and Virginia, and extensive flooding from the Carolinas to Pennsylvania.  After the storm hit, I spent the next seven miserable days living with five other people in a two-bedroom townhouse without electricity until the University re-opened.

 

Given that I began my college career with a hurricane, it was only fitting that my senior year should begin with a similar event.  Hurricane Floyd was a large hurricane that neared the threshold of category five intensity on the Saffir/Simpson Scale as it approached the Bahamas.  Its suggested track threatened Florida but then turned north-northeast toward the NC coast.  With an initial track heading towards Florida, the Vice Provost of the University, filling in for the Provost, made the decision to keep the campus open.  As Hurricane Floyd’s track was adjusted towards the North Carolina coast, it was also downgraded to a category four on the Saffir/Simpson Scale.  With this information, the Vice Provost decided to keep the campus open.  At the very last minute, i.e. the morning the storm hit, the Vice Provost decided to close the campus.  Hurricane Floyd made landfall near Cape Fear, North Carolina on September 16, 1999 a category two hurricane with estimated maximum winds near 90 knots.

  

Due to the late notice regarding campus closing, there was a mass evacuation out of Wilmington on the morning of September 16.  My particular community was already flooded in some areas as my friends and I packed up to leave.  As we reached the main artery out of town, I-40, we saw the consequences of the Vice Provost’s late decision.  I-40 westbound was a parking lot as students and employees of the University evacuated.  It took us more than eight hours to reach Greensboro, NC, a normal three hour drive. 

  

Hurricane Floyd produced a flood disaster of immense proportions in North Carolina.  I-95 and I-40 in parts were completely shut down due to flooding.  This made returning to Wilmington an almost impossible feat.  After being stranded nearly a week in western North Carolina, I received alternate directions from the NC Department of Transportation for the return trip.  Taking almost all back roads to subvert the flooded inter-states, we finally returned home to a house without power.

  

These two particular events re-enforced the fact that evacuation routes can pose serious difficulties during large-scale disasters.  Prior planning for emergencies should always include analysis of these routes.