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February 2004                                                              Volume 6 - Number 1

 

 

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Perspectives...

 

 

 

THE PERCEPTION OF TERRORISM RISK

By Christel Fonzo-Eberhard

 

When I think about the risk of terrorism, I think about the probability of another occurrence, I think about casualties, I think about preparedness and I think about recovery. To a certain extent, I also think about response, as I am a member of one of Arlington County’s Community Emergency Response Team (CERT).  What is interesting to me is that while terrorism has existed since at least the Punic Wars: “the Zealots took lessons from the Romans and the Punic Wars utilized chemical warfare by poisoning wells, granaries, and the water supply of Jerusalem.”[1]  I also think that the further we get from the last one, the closer we get to the next one. It is only within the context of 9-11 that I have come to have a sense of terrorism—a definition and a acknowledgement of its existence. Because, while I pay attention to world events, I never defined what was happening in Ireland, the West Bank, Columbia or Indonesia as being terrorism. I saw those acts of violence as violent disagreements over issues of identity and power between at least two groups. In graduate school I studied Conflict Analysis and Resolution. We studied theories of human needs which stated that “conflict develops around non-negotiable issues of basic human needs deprivation.”[2]  We never studied terrorism as a conflict where human needs where not being met, even though we did study world religions and conflict. Terrorism never came up, at least I am not aware that it did.  So, back to my perception of the terrorism risk. I think that as the world becomes more integrated due to globalization, the more we begin to notice the narcissism of small differences. “Uniting against others in the same company is normal human behavior. Sigmund Freud called this behavior the narcissism of small differences. “It is the natural tendency for similar people, and especially similar groups of people, to exaggerate otherwise superficially minor differences to sufficiently high levels to create hostility. The more alike the groups, the more they will seek ways to differentiate from each other. It is precisely because the groups or people are so similar that they can see these small differences, allowing them to view each other as significantly different.”[3] My perception of risk terrorism has increased significantly. Terrorism has become an everyday word with real consequences. The fact that schools, local communities, individuals have become concerned about terrorism and what do in case of another incident, is a harsh reality to face.  As my perception of terrorism risk has increased, so has my attention on the steps being taken which seem to reduce my rights to privacy. In addition, it is interesting to see what new technologies are being introduced into everyday life that on first blush seem to affect issues of privacy, such as biometric technologies. I find it very interesting that citizens seem to not consider the implications of such technologies, or they seem to just accept without question, all in the name of protection against terrorism. The risks are high. But maybe they have always been, and I am just becoming conscious of it.

 

 



[2] http://www.colorado.edu/conflict/transform/burton.htm   Burton, John W. "Conflict Resolution as a Political Philosophy" In Conflict Resolution Theory and Practice: Integration and Application. Ed. Dennis J. D. Sandole and Hugo van der Merwe. Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1993. Pp. 55-64.

[3] http://www.deltanet-consultants.com/Premise/Uniting/uniting.htm  Working Together Is Normal Human Behavior, But Not In Hierarchies.