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October/November 2007                                                                                            Volume 13 - Number 1/2

    

 

Perspectives...

     

 

Trends in Wildfires
By Lee Ross

    The National Interagency Fire Center is a federally funded entity based in Boise, Idaho dedicated to coordinating assets for wildland firefighting. The NIFC does not have a central director or manager but is rather utilized as a central body for eight different agencies to coordinate and cooperate. Those agencies are: Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, National Park Service, U.S. Forest Service, National Weather Service, U.S. Fire Administration, National Association of State Foresters and the National Business Center.
    The NIFC has compiled statistical information on the number of wildfires and acreage losses since 1960.  Its website www.nifc.gov lists these figures and are reproduced below.  The trend on this collection of data shows a significant decrease in the number of fires of the past handful of decades and a very recent spike in the number of acres burned.  The past three years have seen successive records for the number of acres burned across the country. The high standard set in 2006 is 9,873,745 acres burned.
    The NIFC has highlighted a handful of noteworthy fires that have taken place over the past 200 years. They include fires witnessed by Lewis & Clark and others in the 19th century including the famous “Great Chicago” fire of 1871.  In the 20th century, the NIFC highlights fires that have taken place from coast to coast but primarily in the western part of the country.  Many of these fires included fatalities and burned buildings. It also includes the 1988 fire through Yellowstone National Park that burned over 1.5 million acres. Since 2000, the largest reported fire was in 2004 in Alaska with over a million acres burned.  And a March 2006 fire in Texas that killed 11 people.  


Total Wildland Fires and Acres (1960-2006)
Year    Fires    Acres
2006    96,385    9,873,745
2005    66,753    8,689,389
2004    65,461    *8,097,880
2003    63,629    3,960,842
2002    73,457    7,184,712
2001    84,079    3,570,911
2000    92,250    7,393,493
1999    92,487    5,626,093
1998    81,043    2,329,704
1997    66,196    2,856,959
1996    96,363    6,065,998
1995    82,234    1,840,546
1994    79,107    4,073,579
1993    58,810    1,797,574
1992    87,394    2,069,929
1991    75,754    2,953,578
1990    66,481    4,621,621
1989    48,949    1,827,310
1988    72,750    5,009,290
1987    71,300    2,447,296
1986    85,907    2,719,162
1985    82,591    2,896,147
1984    20,493    1,148,409
1983    18,229    1,323,666
1982    174,755    2,382,036
1981    249,370    4,814,206
1980    234,892    5,260,825
1979    163,196    2,986,826
1978    218,842    3,910,913
1977    173,998    3,152,644
1976    241,699    5,109,926
1975    134,872    1,791,327
1974    145,868    2,879,095
1973    117,957    1,915,273
1972    124,554    2,641,166
1971    108,398    4,278,472
1970    121,736    3,278,565
1969    113,351    6,689,081
1968    125,371    4,231,996
1967    125,025    4,658,586
1966    122,500    4,574,389
1965    113,684    2,652,112
1964    116,358    4,197,309
1963    164,183    7,120,768
1962    115,345    4,078,894
1961    98,517    3,036,219
1960    103,387    4,478,188
          
Statistics were compiled by state and agency prior to 1983.
* 2004 fires and acres do not include state lands for North Carolina
Source: National Interagency Coordination Center